Tafseer ya Surah Ikhlaas

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ ‎﴿١﴾‏ اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ ‎﴿٢﴾‏ لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ ‎﴿٣﴾‏ وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ ‎﴿٤﴾‏

Sura iyi ikufotokoza za chikhulupiriro cha Tawhiyd (umodzi wa Allah Ta’ala mu kakharidwe kake ndi mbiri zake), zomwe ndi gawo limodzi lofunikira kwambiri m’zikhulupiliro zazikulu za Chisilamu.

Chikhulupiriro cha Tawheed chinali chinthu chachilendo kwa anthu osapembedza, Ayuda ndi Akhristu omwe adalipo m’nthawi ya Mtumiki (swallallahu alaih wasallam).

Koma anthu osakhulupirira Mulungu, kupatula iwo amene adakhulupirira mwa Allah Ta’ala, adapeka milungu yambirimbiri yomwe adali kuipembedza. Iwo adatchanso angelo kuti ndi ana aakazi a Allah Ta’ala.

Ponena za Akhristu, iwo ankakhulupirira Utatu ndipo anagawa Umulungu mu Anthu atatu, Atate, Mwana ndi mzimu woyera.

Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti Yesu (Mneneri Isa [alaihis salaam]) ndi mwana wa Mulungu.

Koma Ayuda aku Arabiya ankakhulupirira kuti Hazrat Uzair (mtendere ukhale pa iye) ndi mwana wa Mulungu.

Pamene Mtumiki (Swallallaahu ‘alayhi wasallam) adafotokoza za chikhulupiriro cha Tawhiid kwa anthu ndikuwaitanira kuti apembedze Allah Ta’ala yekha popanda kumuphatikiza ndi Iye mu kupezeka kwake ndi mbiri zake, anthu ambiri adayamba kufunsa kuti awafotokozere mwatsatanetsatane zokhudza Allah Ta’ala.

Kuyankha mafunso awo ndi pomwe idavumbulutsidwa surayi.

Surayi ikuchotsa maganizo onse olakwika okhudza Allah Ta‘ala m’mawu achidule, omveka bwino komanso ogometsa omwe sangamasuliridwe m’chinenero china chilichonse.

M’menemo surayi ikutsutsa zamitundu yonse ya shirk (kumuphatikiza Allah ndi zinthu zina) ndikukhazikitsa mfundo zoyenera za Tawhiid.

Muli maubwino ochuluka omwe adalembedwa mu Hadith yodalitsika ponena za surayi.

Mu Hadith imodzi mwatchulidwa kuti kuwerenga surayi kamodzi kumampezera munthu malipiro olingana ndi malipiro owerengera gawo limodzi mwamagawo atatu a Qur’an Shariif.

Momwemonso zanenedwa kuti munthu amene awerenga ma Quls atatu (omwe ndi Surah Ikhlaas, Surah Falaq ndi Surah Naas) m’mawa ndi madzulo adzakhala wokwanira pa zovuta zonse, kumatsoka ndi mavuto a tsiku limenelo.

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ ‎﴿١﴾‏

Nena (iwe Muhammad (swallallahu alaih wasallam)) Iye Allah Ta’ala ndi Mmodzi Yekha (mu chikhalidwe Chake ndi mbiri zake).

Pamene osakhulupirira adamva za Allah Taala, adamuuza Mtumiki (Swalla Allaahu ‘alayhi wasallam) mwachipongwe kuti: “Tifotokozere za m’badwo wa Allah Taala.” Ena a iwo adafika mpaka pofunsa kuti: “Kodi ungatifotokozere zomwe Allah Taala wapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zotani? Apa ndipamene idavumbulutsidwa surayi.

Sura iyi ikupereka yankho latsatanetsatane lokhuzana ndi kukhulupirira Allah Ta’ala ndiponso ndi kuyankha ku zotsutsa zomwe makafiri adapereka ponena za Allah Ta’ala.

M’ndime yoyamba ya surayi, Allah Ta’ala akudzifotokoza yekha ndi mawu oti ‘Ahad’. Mawu oti ‘Ahad’ amasuliridwa kuti ‘m’modzi yekha’ Mawu awa akusonyeza kwa Allah Ta’la kukhala wapadera mu zaat (Kukhalapo) Kwake komanso wapadera mu sifaat (Mbiri) zake zonse.

Allah Ta’ala kukhala wapadera mu zaat yake (Kukhalapo) zikutanthauza kuti Allah Ta’ala kukhalako sikuli ngati kukhalapo kwa munthu komwe kumabwera kudzera munjira ina iliyonse (monga kubadwa kuchokera kwa makolo), komanso sikukhalako kwakanthawi. zomwe zidzatha pakapita nthawi. M’malo mwake, kukhalapo kwa Allah Ta’ala nkwamuyaya monga Allah Ta’ala alibe chiyambi kapena mapeto.

Allah Ta’ala kukhala wapadera mu sifaat zake (makhalidwe a umulungu) zikutanthauza kuti chikhumbo chilichonse cha Allah Ta’ala ndi chapadera komanso changwiro. Makhalidwe a Allah Ta’ala alibe malire monga momwe munthu alili. Makhalidwe a munthu ali ndi malire. Ngati munthu amatha kuona, ndiye kuti amatha kuona mpaka pamalo ena ake, ndipo sangathe kuwona kupitirira pamenepo. Momwemonso, ngati munthu ali wakutha kunyamula katundu, ndiye kuti amangokwanitsa kunyamula katundu wolemera wina, ndipo sangathe kunyamula katundu woposa wina mukulemera kwake. Khalidwe lililonse la munthu lili ndi malire ake, pomwe Allah Ta’ala alibe malire. Choncho, Allah Ta’ala ndi Wangwiro mu Uthunthu Wake ndi Wangwiro mu makhalidwe Ake onse.

 اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ ‎﴿٢﴾

Allah ndi wofunikira kwa wina aliyense (zolengedwa), pomwe Iye safuna chilichonse.

M’ndime iyi, Allah Ta’ala akudzifotokoza yekha ndi mawu oti ‘As-Samad’. Mawu oti ‘As-Samad’ amatanthauza ‘Yemwe akufunikira ku zolengedwa zonse, pomwe Iye sali odalira aliyense’. M’mawu ena, Allah ndi amene ali wodziimira payekha. Zolengedwa zonse zimadalira Iye kwathunthu kuti zikhalepo, kupitiriza ndi kupita patsogolo nthawi iliyonse, pamene Iye sasowa aliyense kapena chirichonse nthawi iliyonse. Choncho, khalidwe limeneli la Allah Ta’ala ‘As-Samad’ ndi khalidwe lomwe lili kwa Allah Ta’ala yekha.

Makafiri ankakhulupirira kuti Allah Ta’ala ali ndi milungu yambiri yomuthandiza poyendetsa zinthu zakuthambo. Ndime iyi ikunena kuti Allah Ta’ala sasowa wina aliyense kuti amuthandize pa chilichonse, koma thandizo Lake ndilofunika kwa onse nthawi iliyonse. Munthu amene amafuna kuthandizidwa ndi ena sali woyenera kutchedwa Mulungu.

لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ ‎﴿٣﴾

Sadabereke aliyense, kapena sanabadwe.

M’ndime iyi, Allah Ta’ala akulongosola kuti Iye sadabereke aliyense (kuti sanabereke mwana), ndiponso sanabadwe mwa aliyense.

Ayah iyi ikuyankha mafunso omwe anthu aku Makkah adamufunsa Mtumiki (Swalla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa aalihi wasallam) okhudza m’badwo wa Allah Ta’ala. Adati kwa Mtumiki (Swalla Allaahu ‘alayhi wa aalihi wa sallam): “Tifotokozere za m’badwo wa Allah.”

Allah Ta’la akuwayankha ponena kuti Iye ndi Mmodzi, Yekha, ndipo Sadabereke aliyense, kapena kebelekedwa.

M’mawu ena, Allah Ta’ala ndi wamuyaya ndipo alibe chiyambi kapena mapeto. Momwemonso, kukhalapo Kwake sikudalira pa chifukwa chilichonse kapena sing’anga, mosiyana ndi munthu yemwe wabadwa kudzera mwa makolo pambuyo pa Nikaah kuchitika pakati pawo.

Zipembedzo zina monga osakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu, sizikhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu. Choncho surayi ikutsutsa chikhulupiriro chawo, Zipembedzo zina monga Akhristu amakhulupirira mwa mulungu, koma amanenanso kuti Mulungu ali ndi malire. Akhrisitu amanena kuti Yesu (Nabiy Isa [alaihis salaam]) ndi Mulungu komanso ndi mwana wa Mulungu. Momwemonso Ayuda aku Arabiya ankakhulupirira kuti Nabi Uzair (alaihis salaam) ndi mwana wa Mulungu.

Choncho, mipingo imeneyi imafananitsa Allah ndi zolengedwa zomwe kukhalapo kwake kwabwera kudzera mu njira ndi inayake ndipo mulunguyo ali ndi malire.

Choncho, m’ndime iyi, Allah Ta’ala akuwayankha ponena kuti Allah Ta’ala alibe mwana komanso sanabelekedwe ndi makolo ake ndipo safanana ndi zolengedwa zomwe zili ndi malire.

Kupatula zomwe tatchulazi, mipingo ina monga Achikunja ankakhulupirira kuti Allah Ta’ala ndi Mulungu, koma ali ndi anzake omuthandiza poyendetsa zinthu zakuthambo.

Allah Ta’ala akuwayankha ponena kuti Iye sasowa cholengedwa chilichonse, pomwe zolengedwa zonse zimadalira lye.

 

وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ ‎﴿٤﴾

Ndipo palibe wolingana ndi lye.

Ayat iyi ikufotokoza motsindika kuti Allah Ta’ala ndi wopyola muyeso wa munthu. Choncho, munthu ayenera kukhulupilira mwa Allah Ta’ala popanda kuyesa kulingalira m’mene Allah Ta’ala amaonekera popanda kumufanizira Allah Ta’ala ndi chilichonse mwa zolengedwa zake. Pamene munthu sangathe kumuona Allah Ta’ala padziko lapansi, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuti adziwe momwe Allah Ta’ala amaonekera.

Koma tsiku lomaliza, Allah Ta’ala adzawadalitsa okhulupirira ndi ulemelero omuona. Hadith ikufotokoza kuti okhulupirira akalowa ku Jannah, Allah Ta’ala adzawafunsa ngati ali okondwa ndi zabwino zomwe wawapatsa. Adzanena kwa Allah Ta’ala kuti iwo ndi okondwa kwambiri.

Kenako Allah Ta’ala adzawafunsa: “Kodi ine ndisakupatseni ubwino woposa zabwino zonse za ku Jannah?” Okhulupirira adzayankha: “O, Allah! Ndiubwino wotani Ungakhale waukulu kuposa zabwino zomwe mwatichitira?” Kenako Allah Ta’ala adzati: “Ine ndikupatsani masomphenya a maonekedwe anga. Ndipo okhulupirira akadzamuona Allah Ta’ala, adzazindikira kuti ndithu, uwu ndi ulemelero waukulu kwambiri, ndipo palibe ulemelero uliwonse umene ungafanane nawo.

Allah Ta’ala akumaliza surayi ponena kuti: “Ndipo palibe wolingana Naye”. Kuchokera mu Ayah iyi, tikuzindikira kuti Allah Ta’ala ndi wayekha mukupezeka kwake ndi makhalidwe ake onse, kotero kuti palibe chimene chingafanane ndi Allah Ta’ala m’maonekedwe ake ndi makhalidwe Ake, ndikuti palibe chimene chingafanane ndi Iye. mwanjira iliyonse.

M’menemo surayi ikutsutsa zamitundu yonse ya shirk (kumuphatikiza Allah ndi zinthu zina) ndikukhazikitsa mfundo zofunika za Tawhiid.